Sugar Cane Farm (Observer and Mud) in Minecraft

A fully enclosed single-plant sugar cane module uses an observer, a piston, and a hopper beneath mud to harvest regrowth into a chest.

The observer watches the third plant position at (1,4,3). Its rear output powers redstone dust at (1,4,1), which powers the stone brick beneath it and the adjacent piston at (1,3,2). The piston breaks the second segment and the segment above it, retaining the base at (1,2,3). Glass confines drops to the planting column; a hopper collects them through the mud and passes them south through another hopper into the chest. Waterlogged roots next to the mud supply water without creating an exposed collection surface.

Materials

• 30× Stone bricks
• 2× Hopper
• 1× Chest
• 1× Mud
• 1× Mangrove roots
• 11× Glass
• 1× Sugar cane
• 1× Piston
• 1× Redstone wire
• 1× Observer
• 1× Water bucket

Build steps

1. Build the collection platform: Use zero-based (x,y,z) coordinates: x increases east, y upward, and z south. At y=0, fill the 3x6 foundation except (1,0,3), (1,0,4), and (1,0,5). Place the south-facing chest at (1,0,5). Sneak-place a hopper at (1,0,4) into the chest and another at (1,0,3) into that hopper, both facing south. Leave the space above the chest empty.
2. Add the planting bed: At y=1, fill x=0..2 and z=0..4 with stone bricks except the mud at (1,1,3) and mangrove roots at (1,1,4). Waterlog the roots using the water bucket; the surrounding blocks contain the water. The mud is horizontally adjacent to this waterlogged block. Leave z=5 above the chest clear.
3. Enclose and plant the base: At y=2, place stone bricks at (1,2,1), glass at (1,2,2), (0,2,3), (2,2,3), and (1,2,4). Plant one sugar cane at (1,2,3), directly above the mud. The base remains untouched by harvesting.
4. Install the piston and support block: At y=3, place stone bricks at (1,3,1) and a normal piston at (1,3,2) with its wooden face pointing south toward (1,3,3). Add glass at (0,3,3), (2,3,3), and (1,3,4). Keep (1,3,3) empty for the second plant segment.
5. Connect the observer to the piston: At y=4, put an observer at (1,4,2) with its detecting face pointing south at (1,4,3) and its red output dot pointing north. Place one redstone dust at (1,4,1), on the stone brick behind the piston. This dust powers its supporting block, which activates the adjacent piston. Add glass at (0,4,3), (2,4,3), and (1,4,4). Leave (1,4,3) empty for the third plant segment.
6. Close the chamber and check collection: Place glass at (1,5,3), sealing the roof above the third plant position. Sugar cane grows without a light requirement. Wait for growth to reach the observer. Confirm that the piston retracts, the base survives, and two items eventually reach the chest. Empty the chest when needed.